chapter10作业-白红宇

chapter10作业

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发布时间：2019-06-12

本文共 8416 字，大约阅读时间需要 28 分钟。

1、通过ps命令的两种选项形式查看进程信息

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | head

USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND

root 1 0.0 0.5 60516 5144 ? Ss 08:28 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 21

root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 08:28 0:00 [kthreadd]

root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 08:28 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]

root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 08:28 0:00 [kworker/0:0H]

root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 08:28 0:00 [kworker/u256:0]

root 7 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 08:28 0:00 [migration/0]

root 8 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 08:28 0:00 [rcu_bh]

root 9 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 08:28 0:00 [rcuob/0]

root 10 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 08:28 0:00 [rcuob/1]

[root@localhost ~]# ps -lef | head

F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI ADDR SZ WCHAN STIME TTY TIME CMD

4 S root 1 0 0 80 0 - 15129 ep_pol 08:28 ? 00:00:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 21

1 S root 2 0 0 80 0 - 0 kthrea 08:28 ? 00:00:00 [kthreadd]

1 S root 3 2 0 80 0 - 0 smpboo 08:28 ? 00:00:00 [ksoftirqd/0]

1 S root 5 2 0 60 -20 - 0 worker 08:28 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:0H]

1 S root 6 2 0 80 0 - 0 worker 08:28 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/u256:0]

1 S root 7 2 0 -40 - - 0 smpboo 08:28 ? 00:00:00 [migration/0]

1 S root 8 2 0 80 0 - 0 rcu_gp 08:28 ? 00:00:00 [rcu_bh]

1 S root 9 2 0 80 0 - 0 rcu_no 08:28 ? 00:00:00 [rcuob/0]

1 S root 10 2 0 80 0 - 0 rcu_no 08:28 ? 00:00:00 [rcuob/1]

2、通过top命令查看进程

top - 10:49:31 up 2:21, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05

Tasks: 406 total, 2 running, 404 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie

%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.3 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st

KiB Mem : 1003160 total, 95928 free, 559836 used, 347396 buff/cache

KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2055656 free, 41492 used. 197736 avail Mem

PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND

873 root 20 0 269016 1976 1564 S 0.3 0.2 0:14.34 vmtoolsd

33451 root 20 0 130300 2104 1268 R 0.3 0.2 0:00.40 top

1 root 20 0 60516 5144 1732 S 0.0 0.5 0:02.44 systemd

2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 kthreadd

3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.78 ksoftirqd/0

5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H

6 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.40 kworker/u256:0

7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0

8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh

9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcuob/0

10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcuob/1

[root@localhost ~]# top -b -n 2 > /tmp/top.txt

[root@localhost ~]# ls /tmp

hsperfdata_root systemd-private-i9UXk3 top.txt

yum_save_tx.2019-08-05.08-56.2gZYlf.yumtx

[root@localhost ~]# cat /tmp/top.txt | head

top - 10:50:34 up 2:22, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05

Tasks: 405 total, 3 running, 402 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie

%Cpu(s): 3.0 us, 1.1 sy, 0.4 ni, 94.7 id, 0.5 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.2 si, 0.0 st

KiB Mem : 1003160 total, 95944 free, 559808 used, 347408 buff/cache

KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2055668 free, 41480 used. 197752 avail Mem

PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND

33467 root 20 0 130152 1872 1204 R 10.5 0.2 0:00.37 top

2166 root 20 0 461636 5644 1472 S 5.3 0.6 0:00.12 ibus-daemon

1 root 20 0 60516 5144 1732 S 0.0 0.5 0:02.48 systemd

3、通过pgrep命令查看sshd服务的进程号

[root@localhost ~]# pgrep -l sshd

1369 sshd

2756 sshd

4、查看系统进程树

[root@localhost ~]# pstree

systemd─┬─ModemManager───2*[{ModemManager}]

├─NetworkManager─┬─dhclient

│ └─3*[{NetworkManager}]

├─2*[abrt-watch-log]

├─abrtd

├─accounts-daemon───2*[{accounts-daemon}]

├─alsactl

├─at-spi-bus-laun─┬─dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon}

│ └─3*[{at-spi-bus-laun}]

├─at-spi2-registr───{at-spi2-registr}

├─atd

├─auditd─┬─audispd─┬─sedispatch

│ │ └─{audispd}

│ └─{auditd}

├─avahi-daemon───avahi-daemon

├─bluetoothd

├─chronyd

├─colord───2*[{colord}]

├─crond

├─cupsd

├─2*[dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon}]

├─dbus-launch

5、使dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190 命令操作在前台运行

[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190

6、将第5题命令操作调入到后台并暂停

[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190

[1]+ 已停止 dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190

[root@localhost ~]# jobs

[1]+ 已停止 dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190

7、使dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file2 bs=1M count=1024 命令操作在后台运行

[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file2 bs=1M count=1024 &

[2] 33683

8、查看后台的任务列表

[root@localhost ~]# jobs

[1]+ 已停止 dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190

[2]- 运行中 dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file2 bs=1M count=1024 &

9、恢复dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190 让其在后台继续运行

[root@localhost ~]# bg 1

[1]+ dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190 &

[root@localhost ~]# jobs

[1]+ 运行中 dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190 &

10、查询dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190 命令的进程并通过kill杀死

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep dd

root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 08:28 0:00 [kthreadd]

root 876 0.0 0.0 212056 904 ? Ss 08:28 0:00 /usr/bin/abrt-watch-log -F BUG: WARNING: at WARNING: CPU: INFO: possible recursive locking detected ernel BUG at list_del corruption list_add corruption do_IRQ: stack overflow: ear stack overflow (cur: eneral protection fault nable to handle kernel ouble fault: RTNL: assertion failed eek! page_mapcount(page) went negative! adness at NETDEV WATCHDOG ysctl table check failed : nobody cared IRQ handler type mismatch Machine Check Exception: Machine check events logged divide error: bounds: coprocessor segment overrun: invalid TSS: segment not present: invalid opcode: alignment check: stack segment: fpu exception: simd exception: iret exception: /var/log/messages -- /usr/bin/abrt-dump-oops -xtD

dbus 901 0.0 0.2 38432 2744 ? Ssl 08:28 0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation

root 1888 0.0 0.2 38152 2088 ? Ssl 08:30 0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --fork --print-pid 4 --print-address 6 --session

root 2038 0.0 0.1 36836 1412 ? Sl 08:30 0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --config-file=/etc/at-spi2/accessibility.conf --nofork --print-address 3

root 2233 0.0 0.6 878744 6224 ? Sl 08:31 0:00 /usr/libexec/evolution-addressbook-factory

root 33745 11.0 0.1 108956 1672 pts/2 R+ 11:08 0:00 dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/file bs=1M count=8190

root 33747 9.0 0.0 112660 968 pts/1 R+ 11:08 0:00 grep --color=auto dd

[root@localhost ~]# kill 33745

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep dd

root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 08:28 0:00 [kthreadd]

dbus 901 0.0 0.2 38432 2744 ? Ssl 08:28 0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation

root 1888 0.0 0.2 38152 2088 ? Ssl 08:30 0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --fork --print-pid 4 --print-address 6 --session

root 2038 0.0 0.1 36836 1412 ? Sl 08:30 0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --config-file=/etc/at-spi2/accessibility.conf --nofork --print-address 3

root 2233 0.0 0.6 878744 6224 ? Sl 08:31 0:00 /usr/libexec/evolution-addressbook-factory

root 33758 0.0 0.0 112660 972 pts/1 R+ 11:09 0:00 grep --color=auto dd

11、设置一次性计划任务在18：00时关闭系统，并查看任务信息

[root@localhost ~]# at 18:00

at> init 0

at> <EOT>

job 1 at Thu Aug 8 18:00:00 2019

[root@localhost ~]# atq

1 Thu Aug 8 18:00:00 2019 a root

12、以root身份设置周期性计划任务

a) 每天晚上的24点时打包压缩 /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group /etc/gshadow 为 file.tar.gz

0 0 * * * /bin/tar cfz /tmp/file.tar.gz /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group /etc/gshadow

b) 每周一的每隔五分钟列出磁盘使用状况

*/5 * * * 1 /usr/bin/df -hT

c) 每天的8:30与互联网时间同步服务器pool.ntp.org同步时间

30 8 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate pool.ntp.org

13、通过crontab命令查看root的计划任务，通过文件查看类工具列出/var/spool/cron下对应的文件内容

[root@localhost ~]# crontab -l

0 0 * * * /bin/tar cfz /tmp/file.tar.gz /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group /etc/gshadow

*/5 * * * 1 /usr/bin/df -hT

30 8 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate pool.ntp.org

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/spool/cron/root

0 0 * * * /bin/tar cfz /tmp/file.tar.gz /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group /etc/gshadow

*/5 * * * 1 /usr/bin/df -hT

30 8 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate pool.ntp.org

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/fengling1998/p/11338943.html

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